I mean specifically in terms of sound quality. I know pro subs use xlr more often than commercial subs and companies like rel require hooking up to speaker terminals in a way I dont really understand… but is there any advantage to say investing in a pro sub?
Pro subs might typically have a more flat response and also have dsp correction and all that to achieve it as well. Not a huge amount of difference but a different tuning. Also a fair amount of subs are made to be paired with a specific pair of monitors so theres that
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Cool. Thanks M0N
Also clean, precise performance with extremely low distortion even at high playback levels.
Uncoloured LF reproduction. So they produce the sound super clean and with precision.
Also the dsp adjusting and settings are more modern or high-end, can be easily used in many rooms/situations and can be controlled else where, like by network.
Usually more optimization and protection as well. Overall suberb.
Are you talking about a pro sub for studio mixing or a pro sub for like a movie theater?
Studio sub
Oh probably have a super flat response and would cut off at 20hz it would not have any infrasonic room shaking output. a sub that would be used in a movie theater would have a ton of output 130+db but it would not go as low a hifi sub pro probably cut off around 30hz.
It all depends how big, loud and low you want to go.
Everything is possible to go low like 15hz or under and even the 130db loudness or more by adding more, no problem. All you need is money. Very simple. 
In my room the both of the studio subs 12" go to 14Hz flat and measured the 100db loudness (that will make you sick / headache after a ultra low track…), think the max could be 120…ish?
No need to go more low or louder at this point. Sound and precision is spot on.
Professional subs for PA will almost exclusively have speaker twist for input and passthrough.
In most casey, you can find the sub by following the garden hose like cable to a rack with big amps.
As the subs are just heavy black boxes, you are expected to provide DSP yourself.
A DBX DriveRack PA2 for example 